Fil:Kelvin water-dropper electrostatic generator.png

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Beskrivelse

Beskrivelse
English: The Kelvin water dropper, an electrostatic generator invented by William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, in 1867, that works by dripping water. This drawing, appearing in many early textbooks before 1900, may be the original form of the apparatus. It consists of a water supply pipe (c, d, e) that drips two streams of water drops. Each stream falls through a cylindrical metal charging electrode (A, B) and then into a metal funnel (a, b), from which it drips to the floor. Each metal funnel is connected to the other stream's charging electrode, and to a Leyden jar capacitor (cylindrical objects sitting on ground), to store the charge.

If electrode A and attached funnel a are assumed to start with a slight positive charge as shown, its electric field with attract the negative charges (ions) in the water into the drops, and each drop that falls through A will have a slight negative charge. When it collects in funnel b the charge is communicated to electrode B. This electrode will then attract positive charges into its stream of water, and each drop falling through B will have a slight positive charge. These drops collect in funnel a and transfer their charge to electrode A, thus increasing its positive charge. By this process, as the drops fall through the machine an increasing charge will build up on the electrodes, positive charge on A and a, and a negative charge on B and b.
Dato
Kilde Downloaded 11 October 2013 from Leo Graetz 1918 Handbuch der Elektrizität und des Magnetismus, Band 1: Elektrizitätserregung und Elektrostatik, Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, Germany, p. 39, fig. 21,22 on Google Books
Forfatter Leo Graetz

Licensering

Public domain
Public domain
Denne mediefil er offentlig ejendom i USA. Dette gælder for amerikanske værker, hvor ophavsretten er udløbet, ofte fordi dets første offentliggørelse fandt sted inden 1. januar 1929. Se denne side (på engelsk) for yderligere forklaring.

United States
United States
Dette billede er formentlig ikke offentlig ejendom uden for USA; dette gælder i sær i lande og områder, der ikke anvender rule of the shorter term for amerikanske værker, såsom Canada, Folkerepublikken Kina (ikke Hong Kong eller Macao), Tyskland, Mexico, and Schweiz. Skaberen og udgivelsesåret er afgørende oplysninger og skal fremlægges. Se Wikipedia:Offentlig ejendom og Wikipedia:Ophavsret for flere detaljer.

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