Fil:Mount Tambora Volcano, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia.jpg

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Bahasa Indonesia: Foto astronot ini menggambarkan kaldera puncak gunung Tambora. Kaldera ini berdiameter 6 km dan terbentuk dengan dalam 1.100 m ketika puncak Gunung Tambora yang berketinggian kira-kira 4.000 m telah tidak ada, dan ruangan magma di bawahnya menjadi kosong setelah letusan tahun 1815. Saat ini dasar kawah menjadi lokasi sebuah danau air tawar musiman, deposit sedimen yang belum lama, aliran lava kecil, dan kubah yang terbentuk selama abad kesembilan belas dan kedua puluh. Deposit tephra yang berlapis terlihat di sepanjang sisi barat laut bibir kawah. Fumarol aktif, atau ventilasi uap, masih ada di kaldera.
English: This detailed astronaut photograph depicts the summit caldera of the volcano. The huge caldera—6 kilometers in diameter and 1,100 meters deep—formed when Tambora’s estimated 4,000-meter-high peak was removed, and the magma chamber below emptied during the 1815 eruption. Today the crater floor is occupied by an ephemeral freshwater lake, recent sedimentary deposits, and minor lava flows and domes emplaced during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Layered tephra deposits are visible along the north-western crater rim. Active fumaroles, or steam vents, still exist in the caldera.
Français : Photographie de la caldera sommitale du mont Tambora, en Indonésie. Cette caldera est immense, avec 6 km de diamètre et 1000 m de profondeur. Sa formation date de l'éruption de 1815, qui est l'éruption volcanique la plus importante de l'histoire. Avant l'éruption, le Tambora formait un pic d'une altitude d'environ 4000 m. Aujourd'hui, les lèvres de la caldera sont à 2500 m d'altitude. Le fond de la caldera est occupé par un lac temporaire, des coulées de laves provenant d'éruptions mineures et des fumeroles.
Deutsch: Krater des Tambora
Русский: Эта фотография подробно показывает кальдеру вулкана Тамбора, имеющую 6 — 7 километров в диаметре. Она образовалась в результате катастрофического извержения 1815 года, когда верхняя часть вулкана обрушилась из-за опустения магматической камеры под ним. Сегодня внутри кальдеры находится небольшое пресноводное озеро, лавовые купола, а в северо-западной части кратера имеются многослойные отложения тефры. Кроме того кальдере присуща фумарольная активность.


International Space Station InsigniaISS Crew Earth Observations: ISS020-E-06563International Space Station Insignia
Identification
Mission ISS020 (Expedition 20)
Roll E
Frame 06563
Country or Geographic Name Indonesia
Features MOUNT TAMBORA, SUMBAWA ISLAND, CALDERA
Center Point Latitude -8.3° N
Center Point Longitude 118.0° E
Camera
Camera Tilt 27°
Camera Focal Length 800 mm
Camera Nikon D3
Film 4256 x 2832 pixel CMOS sensor, 36.0mm x 23.9mm, total pixels: 12.87 million, Nikon FX format.
Quality
Percentage of Cloud Cover 0-10%
Nadir What is Nadir?
Date 2009-06-03
Time 00:08:06
Nadir Point Latitude -8.2° N
Nadir Point Longitude 119.6° E
Nadir to Photo Center Direction West
Sun Azimuth 60°
Spacecraft Altitude 189 nautical miles (350 km)
Sun Elevation Angle 26°
Orbit Number 371
Original image caption
On April 10, 1815, the Tambora Volcano produced the largest eruption in history. An estimated 150 cubic kilometers of tephra—exploded rock and ash—resulted, with ash from the eruption recognized at least 1,300 kilometers away to the northwest. While the April 10 eruption was catastrophic, historical records and geological analysis of eruption deposits indicate that the volcano had been active between 1812 and 1815. Enough ash was put into the atmosphere from the April 10 eruption to reduce incident sunlight on the Earth’s surface and cause global cooling, resulting in the 1816 “year without a summer.”

This detailed astronaut photograph depicts the summit caldera of the volcano. The huge caldera—6 kilometers in diameter and 1,100 meters deep—formed when Tambora’s estimated 4,000-meter-high peak was removed, and the magma chamber below emptied during the April 10 eruption. Today the crater floor is occupied by an ephemeral freshwater lake, recent sedimentary deposits, and minor lava flows and domes emplaced during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Layered tephra deposits are visible along the northwestern crater rim. Active fumaroles, or steam vents, still exist in the caldera.

In 2004, scientists discovered the remains of a village, that was once underground but now has resurfaced. They found two adults buried under approximately 3 meters of ash in a gully on Tambora’s flank—remnants of the former Kingdom of Tambora preserved by the 1815 eruption that destroyed it. The similarity of the Tambora remains to those associated with the AD 79 eruption of Mount Vesuvius has led to the Tambora site’s description as “the Pompeii of the East.”

Dato Published 2009-07-19. Taken 2009-03-06.
Kilde Image and and English description: Mount Tambora Volcano, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia, NASA Earth Observatory. 2nd version: Transferred from de.wikipedia to Commons.; originally from https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/SearchPhotos/photo.pl?mission=ISS020&roll=E&frame=06563
Forfatter This image was taken by the NASA Expedition 20 crew.
Kameraposition8° 14′ 34,4″ S, 117° 59′ 45,2″ E Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.Dette og andre billeder på deres position på: OpenStreetMapinfo
Dette billede eller video er katalogiseret af Johnson Space Center under National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ved foto ID: ISS020-E-6563.

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The original description page was here. All following user names refer to de.wikipedia.
  • 2009-07-23 01:35 Geoethno 1440×960× (469914 bytes) {{Information |Beschreibung = Krater des Tambora |Quelle = http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/39000/39412/ISS020-E-06563_l

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afbilder

8°14'34.400"S, 117°59'45.200"E

exposure time engelsk

0,0004 sekund

f-number engelsk

5,6

800 millimeter

ISO speed engelsk

200

image/jpeg

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Dato/tidMiniaturebilledeDimensionerBrugerKommentar
nuværende24. feb. 2011, 14:55Miniature af versionen fra 24. feb. 2011, 14:554.256 × 2.828 (2,29 MB)Originalwanahigher res
15. apr. 2010, 19:37Miniature af versionen fra 15. apr. 2010, 19:371.440 × 960 (619 KB)RosenzweigReverted to version as of 11:04, 19 July 2009. Back to Commons version.
15. apr. 2010, 19:37Miniature af versionen fra 15. apr. 2010, 19:371.440 × 960 (459 KB)Rosenzweigdifferent version from de.wp
19. jul. 2009, 13:04Miniature af versionen fra 19. jul. 2009, 13:041.440 × 960 (619 KB)Originalwana{{Information |Description={{en|1=This detailed astronaut photograph depicts the summit caldera of the volcano. The huge caldera—6 kilometres in diameter and 1,100 meters deep—formed when Tambora’s estimated 4,000-meter-high peak was removed, and th

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