Spillekonsoller (1. generation)
Den første generations spillekonsoller varede fra 1972 med udgivelsen af Magnavox Odyssey til omkring år 1977, da "pong"-konsol fabrikanter forlod markedet efter den succesrige introduktion af mikroprocessor-baserede konsoller.[1]
Interaktive fjernsyn[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
Fjernsyns ingeniøren Ralph Baer fik ideen at skabe interaktive fjernsyn imens han byggede et fjernsyn fra grunden for Loral 1951 i Bronx, New York. Han udforskede ideen yderligere i 1966 da han var chef ingeniør af "Equipment Design Division" ved Sanders Associates. Baer skabte et simpelt 2-spillere computerspil der kunne blive vist på et standard TV kaldt Chase, hvor to prikker jagtede hinanden på skærmen.
Pong-chips[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
Denne tabel indeholder kun en liste over de mest kendte konsoller og relative benyttede chips.
| Chip kode/navn | År | Fabrikant | Farver | Spil | Konsoller |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AY-3-8500 | 1976 | General Instrument | Nej (1) | Tennis, fodbold, squash, øvelse, 2 riffel spil | Telstar (Telstar, Classic, Deluxe, Ranger, Alpha, Colormatic, Regent, Sportsman) Odyssey (300,2000,3000) Radio Shack TV Scoreboard Unisonic Sportsman/Tournament Philips Tele-Spiel ES2203 and ES2204 Zanussi/Seleco Play-O-Tronic Videomaster (Strika, Strika 2,ColourScore 2, SuperScore) APF TV Fun (Model 401) BSS 01 |
| AY-3-8510 | 1978? | General Instrument | Ja | Tennis, hockey, squash, jai alai | Telstar Colortron |
| AY-3-8512 | 1978? | General Instrument | Ja | Tennis, hockey, squash, jai alai, skeet, target | Telstar Marksman |
| AY-3-8600 | 1977 | General Instrument | Nej(2) | 8 spil med bolde og padler | Telstar Galaxy Odyssey 4000 Philips Tele-Spiel ES2218 |
| AY-3-8610 | 1977 | General Instrument | Nej(2)[2] | 8 spil med bolde og padler + 2 riffel spil | Videomaster Sportsworld Philco/Ford Telejogo II |
| AY-3-8550 | 1976? | General Instrument | Nej(1) | Det samme som 8500, dog med tilføjelse af vandret styring af spillerne | Philips Tele-Spiel ES2208 |
| AY-3-8700 | 1978? | General Instrument | 4 spil med tanks | Telstar Combat! | |
| MPS-7600-001,002,003,004 (3)(4) | 1977 | MOS Technology | De fire versioner af chippen indeholder ofte fire spil | Telstar Gemini(only version 004). Telstar Arcade(all 4 versions). Commodore TV Game 2000K/3000H) (only version 001). | |
| MM-57100/MM-57105(PAL) | 1976 | National Semiconductor | Ja | Tennis, Hockey, Squash | National Adversary Philips Odyssey 2001 Videomaster (ColourScore, VisionScore, ColourShot) Philco/Ford Telejogo |
| MM-57106/MM-57186(PAL) | 1977 | National Semiconductor | Ja | Tennis, Hockey, Squash, Breakout, Flipper e Football. | Philips N30 Philips Odyssey 2100 |
| F4301 | 1976 | Universal Research Labs | ? | To spil med bolde og padler samt to racerspil | Indy 500 system (Video Action 4) Sears/Atari Speedway e Speedway IV Interton Video 2800 MBO Tele-Ball VIII |
| SN76410N | 197? | Texas Instruments | ? | Seks spil med bolde og padler | Tele-Match 3300R Ricochet Super Pro (modello MT-4A) Venture Electronics Video Sports VS-5 |
| 3659-1C/C2566 | 1975 | Atari | Nej | Pong | Atari PONG |
| 3659-3 | 1975 | Atari | Nej | Pong | Atari PONG Doubles Sears PONG IV |
| C010073-3 | 1976 | Atari | Nej | Fire Pong spil | Atari/Sears Super PONG |
| C010073-01/C2607 | 1976 | Atari | ? | Ti Pong spil | Atari Super PONG Ten |
| C010765 | 1977 | Atari | ? | 16 Pong spil | Atari Ultra PONG Atari Ultra PONG Doubles |
| C011500-11/C011512-05 (4) | 1977 | Atari | ? | 7 spil (f.eks. Pinball, Basketball og Breakout) | Atari Video Pinball |
(1) Farver kunne opnås ved benyttelse af AY-3-8515 chippen
(2) Farver kunne opnås ved benyttelse af AY-3-8615 chippen
(3) PAL version koden er 7601
(4) Avancerede chips i forhold til den klassiske Pong-in-a-chip: indeholder en mikrocontroller og lidt RAM hukommelse.
Sammenligning[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
| Navn | Magnavox Odyssey | Magnavox Odyssey serien | Atari/Sears Tele-Games Pong | Coleco Telstar | Nintendo Color TV Game |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Konsol | 
|
|
|
|
|
| Udgivelsespris | US$100 | US$100–230 | US$98.95 | US$50 | ¥8,300 - ¥48,000 (Omkring $101 - $594.8 USD i dag) |
| Udgivelsesdato | NA May 1972 EU 1974 JP 1975 |
NA 1975 |
NA 1975 |
NA 1976 JP 1977 |
JP 1977 |
| Medie | ROM-Kassetter | ? | Indbygget chip[3] | ROM-Kassetter (Telstar Arcade) | ? |
| Tilbehør | Light gun | ? | ? | Styrepind designs | ? |
| Antal solgte | 333,000[4] | 150,000[5][6] | 1 million[7] | 3 millioner[8] |
Referencer[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
- ^ Wolf, Mark J.P. (2008). The Video Game Explosion. Greenwood Publishing Group. s. Page xviii. ISBN 031333868X, 9780313338687.
{{cite book}}: Tjek|isbn=: invalid character (hjælp) - ^ http://www.pong-story.com/GIMINI1978.pdf
- ^ "Atari home PONG systems". Pong-Story. Hentet 2010-09-13.
- ^ PONG-Story : Magnavox Odyssey – the first video game system
- ^ Ellis, David (2004). "Dedicated Consoles". Official Price Guide to Classic Video Games. Random House. s. 33–36. ISBN 0-375-72038-3.
- ^ Kent, Steven (2001). "Strange Bedfellows". Ultimate History of Video Games. Three Rivers Press. s. 94–95. ISBN 0-7615-3643-4.
- ^ Herman, Leonard (1997). Phoenix: the fall & rise of videogames (2 udgave). Union, NJ: Rolenta Press. s. 20. ISBN 0-9643848-2-5. Hentet 16. februar 2012.
Like Pong, Telstar could only play video tennis but it retailed at an inexpensive $50 that made it attractive to most families that were on a budget. Coleco managed to sell over a million units that year.
- ^ Sheff, David; Eddy, Andy (1999), Game Over: How Nintendo Conquered the World, GamePress, s. 27, ISBN 978-0-9669617-0-6,
Nintendo entered the home market in Japan with the dramatic unveiling of Color TV Game 6, which played six versions of light tennis. It was followed by a more powerful sequel, Color TV Game 15. A million units of each were sold. The engineering team also came up with systems that played a more complex game, called "Blockbuster," as well as a racing game. Half a million units of these were sold.
{{citation}}: Mere end en|author=og|last=angivet (hjælp)