NiMH-akkumulatorer med lav selvafladning: Forskelle mellem versioner

Genopladelige LSD NiMH celler
Energi/vægt	30–80 Wh/kg
Energi/størrelse	140–300 Wh/L
Max.effekt/vægt	250–1000 W/kg
Opladning/afladningseffektivitet	66%
Pris/energi	0,1 Wh/kr
Selvafladningshastighed	3,7%/måned (temperaturafhængigt)
Cyklusholdbarhed	500–1000
Nominel cellespænding	1,2V
	v; d; r;

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I 2005-2007 kom der flere NiMH-akkumulatorer med lav selvafladning (LSD NiMH – low self-discharge NiMH battery) også kaldet Ready-to-use-batterier, fordi de netop er klar til brug lige efter udpakning uden yderligere opladning. LSD NiMH-akkumulatorer fås i størrelserne AAA, AA, C og D. De sete C og D LSD NiMH har dog kun haft samme kapacitet som AA-cellerne.

Der findes C og D LSD NiMH med fuld kapacitet, men de sælges kun få steder. ^[1] ^[2]

Der findes også LSD-NiMH E-blok akkumulatorer med 7 interne celler. ^[3] ^[4]

Kendetegn

Det specielle ved denne nye type genopladelige batteri er, at det har en meget lille selvafladning. Hvor almindelige genopladelige NiMH-batterier forholdsvist hurtigt taber strømmen, også når de ikke bruges, så taber den nye type betydeligt mindre.

Over en periode på 6 måneder holder LSD NiMH på op til 90% af opladningen – 80% er realistisk, hvilket svarer til 20% tab. ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] Men selvafladningen er stærk temperaturafhængig.

Almindelige NiMH-akkumulatorer taber 5-20% den første dag og taber derefter eksponentielt ca. 0,5-4% af ladningen per dag afhængig af opbevaringstemperaturen ^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12], 17% tab per måned svarer til ca. 0,6% per dag: ( $100*(1-{\sqrt[{30}]{1-0,17}})$ %), eller ca. mellem 0,5-1% om dagen. LSD NiMH derimod taber som tidligere nævnt ca. 20% over 6 måneder, hvilket svarer til ca. 0,12% per dag: ( $100*(1-{\sqrt[{180}]{1-0,20}})$ %). ^[5]

NiMH-akkumulatorer med lav selvafladning kan langt de fleste steder erstatte brunstenbatterier og alkalinebatterier i f.eks. ure^[13], transistorradioer, kameraer, fjernbetjeninger,...

Liste over NiMH-akkumulatorer med lav selvafladning

Sorteret efter firma og dernæst produkt:

AccuPower AccuLoop
Ansmann maxE
Conrad Electronic Endurance
Duracell ActiveCharge
Duracell Pre-charged
Gold Peak ReCyko
Hähnel Synergy
Kodak Pre Charged
Maha Powerex Imedion
Nexcell EnergyON
Panasonic INFINIUM og Evolta^[14]
Panasonic R2
Rayovac Hybrid
(GE/)Sanyo Eneloop^[13]^[15]^[16]^[17]
Sony CycleEnergy
Titanium Enduro
Tecxus Ready to Use
Uniross Hybrio^[5]
VARTA Consumer Batteries Ready2Use
Vapextech Instant

Kilder/referencer

^ mark-lawton.com: Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries – Low self-discharge NiMH battery Citat: "...manufacturers (Ansmann, NexCell, AccuPower) do offer full capacity C (rated at 4.5 Ah) and D-size LSD-NiMH-cells (rated from 8-10 Ah)..."
^ batterystore.dk: ReCyko+ batterier Citat: "...Genopladelige C Recyko batterier / LR14 3000mAh...Genopladelige D Recyko batterier / LR20 5700mAh..."
^ mark-lawton.com: Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries – Low self-discharge NiMH battery Citat: "...Several manufacturers also offer 9v (PP3) LSD NiMH batteries (Varta, Accupower, Gold Peak, Vapex, Uniross, Ansmann, NexCell and ENIX energies), rated between 150mAh and 250mAh..."
^ uniross.com: 9V 200 Series Hybrio Citat: "...Advanced HYBRIO technology batteries that can be used straight from the pack and have extremely low self discharge, so stay charged for longer whilst not in use..."
^ ^a ^b ^c September 25th 2006, Uniross Hybrio hybrid battery Citat: "...Charge remaining when used : 80 % after 6 months...Useful life : 5 years..."
^ Test af AA og AAA LSD-NiMH: stefanv.com: Review: Pre-Charged (Low Self-Discharge) Rechargeable Battery Comparison
^ Review: Tenergy Centura Low Self-Discharge Rechargeable 9V Battery Citat: "...Its rated capacity is 200mAh, which is about half the capacity of a disposable 9V alkaline battery, and slightly below average among rechargeable 9V NiMH batteries...I was glad to find that Tenergy’s 9V battery produces 8.4V, meaning that it is made up from seven cells instead of only six...Although they were down to 81% after seven weeks, they still retained 95% of the charge they had after one week...any smart 9V NiMH charger will work, so long as it is not one of the super-fast (under an hour) ones..."
^ Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery Charger and Battery Pack. User’s Manual. Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc. Citat: "...NiMH batteries self-discharge up to 20% in the first 24 hours after charging, then as much as 15% per month. Self-discharge is highly temperature dependent. NiMH batteries self discharge about three times faster at 40 °C than at 20 °C. Age also effects self discharge. Older battery packs self-discharge faster than new ones..."
^ epanorama.net: Battery Power Supply Page Citat: "...A NiMH battery can lose up to 2% of its charge per day sitting on the shelf..."
^ Battery Nurse: VCS, Voltage Control System Citat: "...NiMh batteries tend to self-discharge at 3-4% of capacity per day..."
^ Choosing the Right Battery Pack Citat: "...Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMh) Approx 1% per day if unused...."
^ gpbatteries.com: FAQ Citat: "...18. What is the self-discharge rate of NiMH batteries?...In general, the rate of self-discharge ranges from 15% to 20% per month at room temperature..."
^ ^a ^b stefanv.com: Review: Testing Sanyo's Eneloop Rechargeable Battery Citat: "...Eneloop cells can be charged in any normal slow or fast charger designed for regular NiMH cells...Eneloops are also suitable for long-running devices like this battery operated clock...."
^ dcviews.com: Panasonic launches long-lasting Infinium rechargeable batteries
^ Graf over afladning
^ SANYO Eneloop – Danmark
^ SANYO eneloop – Europa

[1] rk-lawton.com: Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries – Low self-discharge NiMH battery Citat: "...manufacturers (Ansmann, NexCell, AccuPower) do offer full capacity C (rated at 4.5 Ah) and D-size LSD-NiMH-cells (rated from 8-10 Ah)..."

[2] tterystore.dk: ReCyko+ batterier Citat: "...Genopladelige C Recyko batterier / LR14 3000mAh...Genopladelige D Recyko batterier / LR20 5700mAh..."

[3] rk-lawton.com: Pre-Charged Rechargeable Batteries – Low self-discharge NiMH battery Citat: "...Several manufacturers also offer 9v (PP3) LSD NiMH batteries (Varta, Accupower, Gold Peak, Vapex, Uniross, Ansmann, NexCell and ENIX energies), rated between 150mAh and 250mAh..."

[4] uniross.com: 9V 200 Series Hybrio Citat: "...Advanced HYBRIO technology batteries that can be used straight from the pack and have extremely low self discharge, so stay charged for longer whilst not in use..."

[NiMH_Hybrio-5] September 25th 2006, Uniross Hybrio hybrid battery Citat: "...Charge remaining when used : 80 % after 6 months...Useful life : 5 years..."

[6] Test af AA og AAA LSD-NiMH: stefanv.com: Review: Pre-Charged (Low Self-Discharge) Rechargeable Battery Comparison

[7] Review: Tenergy Centura Low Self-Discharge Rechargeable 9V Battery Citat: "...Its rated capacity is 200mAh, which is about half the capacity of a disposable 9V alkaline battery, and slightly below average among rechargeable 9V NiMH batteries...I was glad to find that Tenergy’s 9V battery produces 8.4V, meaning that it is made up from seven cells instead of only six...Although they were down to 81% after seven weeks, they still retained 95% of the charge they had after one week...any smart 9V NiMH charger will work, so long as it is not one of the super-fast (under an hour) ones..."

[8] Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery Charger and Battery Pack. User’s Manual. Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc. Citat: "...NiMH batteries self-discharge up to 20% in the first 24 hours after charging, then as much as 15% per month. Self-discharge is highly temperature dependent. NiMH batteries self discharge about three times faster at 40 °C than at 20 °C. Age also effects self discharge. Older battery packs self-discharge faster than new ones..."

[9] rama.net: Battery Power Supply Page Citat: "...A NiMH battery can lose up to 2% of its charge per day sitting on the shelf..."

[10] Battery Nurse: VCS, Voltage Control System Citat: "...NiMh batteries tend to self-discharge at 3-4% of capacity per day..."

[11] Choosing the Right Battery Pack Citat: "...Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMh) Approx 1% per day if unused...."

[12] tteries.com: FAQ Citat: "...18. What is the self-discharge rate of NiMH batteries?...In general, the rate of self-discharge ranges from 15% to 20% per month at room temperature..."

[stefanv-13] stefanv.com: Review: Testing Sanyo's Eneloop Rechargeable Battery Citat: "...Eneloop cells can be charged in any normal slow or fast charger designed for regular NiMH cells...Eneloops are also suitable for long-running devices like this battery operated clock...."

[14] views.com: Panasonic launches long-lasting Infinium rechargeable batteries

[15] Graf over afladning

[16] SANYO Eneloop – Danmark

[17] SANYO eneloop – Europa

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@@ Linje 47: / Linje 47: @@
 Almindelige [[NiMH]]-akkumulatorer taber 5-20% den første dag og taber derefter eksponentielt ca. 0,5-4% af ladningen per dag afhængig af opbevaringstemperaturen
-<ref>[http://www.seabird.com/pdf_documents/manuals/NiMH_002.pdf Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery Charger and Battery Pack. User’s Manual. Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc.] Citat: "...NiMH batteries self-discharge up to 20% in the first 24 hours after charging, then as much as 15% per month. Self-discharge is highly temperature dependent. NiMH batteries self discharge about three times faster at 40&nbsp;°C than at 20&nbsp;°C. Age also effects self discharge. Older battery packs self-discharge faster
+<ref>[http://www.seabird.com/pdf_documents/manuals/NiMH_004.pdf Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery Charger and Battery Pack. User’s Manual. Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc.] Citat: "...NiMH batteries self-discharge up to 20% in the first 24 hours after charging, then as much as 15% per month. Self-discharge is highly temperature dependent. NiMH batteries self discharge about three times faster at 40&nbsp;°C than at 20&nbsp;°C. Age also effects self discharge. Older battery packs self-discharge faster
 than new ones..."</ref>
 <ref>[http://www.epanorama.net/links/psu_battery.html epanorama.net: Battery Power Supply Page] Citat: "...A NiMH battery can lose up to 2% of its charge per day sitting on the shelf..."</ref>