List of shipwrecks in September 1865

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The list of shipwrecks in September 1865 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during September 1865.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

1 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 1 September 1865
Ship State Description
Elpis  Greece The ship was wrecked in the Black Sea.[1]
Flavio Gioza  United Kingdom The ship departed from Quebec City, Province of Canada, British North America for Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, United Kingdom. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[2][3]
Henry Buck  United States The barque capsized at South Shields, County Durham. United Kingdom.[4][5]
Mitara  Greece The ship was wrecked in the Black Sea.[1]
Pride  United Kingdom The ship departed from Sombrero, Anguilla for a British port. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[6]
Roman Emperor  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore and wrecked near Gävle, Sweden. She was on a voyage from London to Söderhamn, Sweden.[4][5]

2 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 2 September 1865
Ship State Description
Harriet White United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland British North America The schooner was run into by the steamship China ( United Kingdom) and sank at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Her crew were rescued.[7]
Hewson  United Kingdom The brig ran aground on the Halhouden Rocks, on the Swedish coast. She was on a voyage from Fredrikshavn, Denmark to West Hartlepool, County Durham.[8] She was subsequently taken in to Ekenäs, Grand Duchy of Finland.[1]
Thetis  United Kingdom The ship was lost near Lemvig, Norway or at Ystad, Sweden. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to Gävle, Sweden.[4][8]

3 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 3 September 1865
Ship State Description
Queen of England  United Kingdom The barque foundered in the Atlantic Ocean (52°09′N 25°30′W / 52.150°N 25.500°W / 52.150; -25.500). Her ten crew were rescued by the full-rigged ship Westmoreland ( United States). Queen of England was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Saint John, New Brunswick, British North America.[9]

4 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 4 September 1865
Ship State Description
Caledonia  United Kingdom The steamship caught fire at New York, United States.[10]

5 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 5 September 1865
Ship State Description
Adria Austrian Empire The full-rigged ship was driven ashore at Gibraltar. She was on a voyage from Trieste to Goole, Yorkshire, United Kingdom.[11]
Architect  United Kingdom The barque ran aground on "Little Hoften Island", in the Baltic Sea. She was on a voyage from London to Reval, Russia. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[1]
Brazilian Packet  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on Hogland, Russia.[12][13]
Clintonia  United Kingdom The ship was sighted off Constantinople, Ottoman Empire whilst on a voyage from Taganrog, Russia to a British port. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[14]

6 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 6 September 1865
Ship State Description
Amelie  France The ship foundered at Guadeloupe. Her four crew were rescued.[15]
Jane Pickard  United Kingdom The ship departed from Shanghai, China for Yokohama, Japan. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[16]
Koh-i-Noor  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked at "Domingo".[17]

7 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 7 September 1865
Ship State Description
Alexandra  United Kingdom The ferry steamer, from Newhaven, Sussex, England for Dieppe, Seine-Inférieure, France, was wrecked in fog on rocks at Cap d'Ailly, west of Dieppe; all passengers and crew were rescued.[18][19] Although declared a total loss,[20][21] she was subsequently refloated, repaired and returned to service.[19]

8 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 8 September 1865
Ship State Description
De Hoop  Netherlands The ship departed from Batavia, Netherlands East Indies for Shanghai, China. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[22]
Kate  United Kingdom The schooner foundered in the Bristol Channel off Mortehoe, Devon. Her four crew survived. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire to Plymouth, Devon.[23]

9 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 9 September 1865
Ship State Description
Fanny Fern United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland British North America The full-rigged ship collided with the steamship Propontis ( United Kingdom) at New York and was consequently beached.[24]
George Albree  United States The 181-ton sternwheel towboat was destroyed by a fire at Monongahela Wharf in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[25]
L'Envoi  France The ship was wrecked on Starbuck Island. Her crew were rescued.[26][27]

10 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 10 September 1865
Ship State Description
Albion  United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore west of Blakeney, Norfolk. . She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[1]
Midas United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 26-ton schooner was carried on to a reef at Flat Point on the Wairarapa coast during a heavy gale. All hands were rescued.[28] She was on a voyage from Dunedin to Hokitaka.[29]
Twilight  United States The 230-ton sidewheel paddle steamer struck a snag and sank in the Missouri River at the mouth of Fire Creek, near Napoleon, Missouri.[30]
River Queen  United States The sternwheel paddle steamer was destroyed at the Monongahela Wharf in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by a fire started by her engineer.[31]

11 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 11 September 1865
Ship State Description
Belle of the Ocean  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked at Bonny, Africa. Her crew were rescued.[32]
Comet  United Kingdom The brig sprang a leak and foundered in the North Sea. Her crew took to the longboat; they were rescued by Karen Marie ( Denmark). Comet was on a voyage from Hamburg to Sunderland, County Durham.[33][34]

12 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 12 September 1865
Ship State Description
Auchindown  United Kingdom The sloop was driven ashore and wrecked on Hven, Sweden. She was on a voyage from Buckie, Moray to Stettin. She was refloated on 11 June 1866 and towed in to Helsingør, Denmark.[1][35]
Hanna  Prussia The ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Leba with the loss of two of her crew.[36]
Reserve  United Kingdom The barque caught fire and sank in the Mediterranean Sea 170 nautical miles (310 km) off Tripoli, Ottoman Tripolitania. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Alexandria, Egypt to Dover, Kent.[37]
Unnamed Flag unknown The ship ran aground off Ameland, Friesland, Netherlands.[36]

13 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 13 September 1865
Ship State Description
John  United Kingdom The brig was run down and sunk by the steamship John Liddell ( United Kingdom) at South Shields, County Durham with the loss of three of her four crew. The survivors was rescued by the tug Hope ( United Kingdom). John was on a voyage from South Shields to Lowestoft, Suffolk.[38][39]

14 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 14 September 1865
Ship State Description
Felix  United Kingdom The ship ran aground on the Fahludd Reef, in the Baltic Sea. SHe was refloated and taken in to Slitohamn, Sweden for repairs.[40]
Venus  United Kingdom The schooner struck rocks in the Strangford Lough and sank.[41] She was refloated on 16 September.[34]

15 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 15 September 1865
Ship State Description
HMS Royalist  Royal Navy The Rosario-class sloop was driven ashore in the West Indies. Subsequently refloated, repaired and returned to service.[42]

16 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 16 September 1865
Ship State Description
Falcon, and
Garland 		 United Kingdom The steamships collided in Lough Foyle and were severely damaged. Two people on board Falcon were killed. She had to be beached. Garland was on a voyage from Londonderry to Morecambe, Lancashire. A number of people were killed. She put back to Londonderry.[41][43]
Lone Star  United States The steamship was wrecked in the Gulf of Mexico 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Red Fish Bar near Galveston, Texas.

17 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 17 September 1865
Ship State Description
Contest  United Kingdom The tug collided with the Mersey Ferry Wild Rose and sank in the River Mersey at Liverpool, Lancashire.[44] She was refloated on 19 September.[40]
Jane and Helen  United Kingdom The schooner was run into by the paddle steamer Wolf ( United Kingdom and sank in the Clyde at Paisley, Renfrewshire. Her five crew survived.[45]

18 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 18 September 1865
Ship State Description
Beaver  United Kingdom The brig was driven ashore and sank at "Rayoe". She was on a voyage from Fredrikshavn, Denmark to Wisbech, Cambridgeshire. She was refloated.[46]
Dispatch  United Kingdom The barque was wrecked in the Yangtze. She was on a voyage from Shanghai to Fuzhou, China.[47]
Maribelle  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on a shoal in the Montaran Islands, Netherlands East Indies. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Singapore, Straits Settlements to Batavia, Netherlands East Indies.[48][49]

19 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 19 September 1865
Ship State Description
Eagle  United Kingdom The steamship sank at Birkenhead, Cheshire.[38]
Scotland  United Kingdom The ship ran aground on The Platters. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire to Liverpool, Lancashire. She was refloated and completed her voyage in a leaky condition.[40]

20 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 20 September 1865
Ship State Description
Angelo  Italy The ship was driven ashore near Alicante, Spain. She was on a voyage from Barletta to Falmouth, Cornwall or Queenstown, County Cork, United Kingdom. She was refloated and taken in to Alicante.[50][51]
Brigand United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland British North America The schooner was wrecked on Lime Cay Reef, off the coast of Jamaica. She was on a voyage from Ragged Island, Newfoundland to Kingston, Jamaica.[51]

21 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 21 September 1865
Ship State Description
Edmiston Brothers  United Kingdom The brig ran aground and capsized at Newport, Monmouthshire.[34]
Edward, and
Souvenir 		 United Kingdom The schooner Edward was damaged at Sunderland, County Durham when the barque Souvenir capsized onto her.[7]
Rota  Denmark The full-rigged ship sprang a leak and foundered in the English Channel 26 nautical miles (48 km) east north east of Cherbourg, Seine-Inférieure, France. Her crew were rescued by the schooner Charles ( France) was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom to Riga, Russia.[24][7]

22 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 22 September 1865
Ship State Description
Italia Una  Italy The ship struck a rock and sank off Venetico. She was on a voyage from Zakynthos, Greece to "Calamota".[52]
John  United Kingdom The brig was driven ashore at Stornoway, Isle of Lewis, Outer Hebrides. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Dublin. She was refloated the next day.[37]
Nimrod  United States The 30-ton sternwheel paddle steamer exploded on the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, killing five people.[31]
North Pole  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked at Husby Klit near Ringkøbing, Denmark, crew of 9 saved. She was on a voyage from London to Danzig.[24]
USS Pink  United States Navy The screw steamer was wrecked on Dauphin Island, Alabama during a gale.
Royal Saxon  United Kingdom The tug ran aground on the Burbo Bank, in Liverpool Bay.[10]

23 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 23 September 1865
Ship State Description
Charles Capper  United Kingdom The steamship ran aground at Saint-Nazaire, Loire-Inférieure, France. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Saint-Nazaire. She was refloated.[24][7]
Emerald Isle United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 22-ton schooner was wrecked in Ocean Bay, Port Underwood during a heavy gale.[53]

24 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 24 September 1865
Ship State Description
Fortunato Flag Unknown The ship ran aground at Harwich, Essex, United Kingdom. She was on a voyage from Taganrog, Russia to Ipswich, Suffolk, United Kingdom. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[7]

25 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 25 September 1865
Ship State Description
Anasia  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Portsmouth, Hampshire.[46]
Betsey  United Kingdom The ship collided with the steam hopper No. 4 ( United Kingdom) and sank at South Shields, County Durham.[46]

26 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 26 September 1865
Ship State Description
Active  United Kingdom The ship was lost near Hammerfest, Norway. She was on a voyage from Archangelsk, Russia to London.[17]
Commisaris der Koning  Netherlands The barque was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila, Spanish East Indies. She was consequently condemned.[54][55]
Constant  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54]
Dardo  Spain The brigantine was driven ashore in typhoon at Manila.[56] She was consequently condemned.[55]
De Hoop  Netherlands The galiot foundered in the Bay of Biscay. Her crew were rescued by the brig Fanny ( Russia). She was on a voyage from Dordrecht, South Holland to Nantes, Loire-Inférieure, France.[57]
Durko  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54]
Immanuel  Brazil The ship departed from Santos for the English Channel. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[58]
Leonar  Spain The full-rigged ship was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54][55]
London  United Kingdom The steamship caught fire in the River Thames. She was on a voyage from Dundee, Forfarshire to London.[46]
Marie Antoinette  France The schooner foundered in the Mediterranean Sea (39°44′N 13°13′E / 39.733°N 13.217°E / 39.733; 13.217). Her six crew were rescued by the brig List ( United Kingdom).[59]
Sabrina  United Kingdom The barque was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54][55]
Surbo Flag unknown The ship was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54]
Tigris  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54]
Van der Huin  Netherlands The barque was driven ashore in a typhoon at Manila.[54]

27 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 27 September 1865
Ship State Description
Accrington  United Kingdom The ship caught fire at London and was severely damaged. she was on a voyage from London to Calcutta, India.[60]
Iddo Kimball  United States The bark, sailing from New York City to the Savannah River was lost in the Oyster Beds near Fort Pulaski, Georgia, on or about this date.[61]

28 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 28 September 1865
Ship State Description
Elizabeth  United Kingdom The schooner foundered off Hartlepool, County Durham. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough, Yorkshire to Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland.[62][63] She broke up on 3 October.[37]

29 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 29 September 1865
Ship State Description
Conrade  United Kingdom The schooner ran aground at Helsingør, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Vyborg, Grand Duchy of Finland to London. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[37]
John Bullock, and
Samson 		United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 76-ton paddle steamer Samson was towing the schooner John Bullock into the Hokitika River when the wash from another vessel caused her to veer into a sandspit. The John Bullock also grounded, but was able to be refloated.[64]
Madras  India The steamship ran aground 20 nautical miles (37 km) off Godavery Point. She was refloated the next day.[65]
Paul  France The brig collided with the full-rigged ship Mobile ( Bremen) and was abandoned. She was subsequently towed in to the Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom by the steamship Behera ( France).[57]

30 September[edit]

List of shipwrecks: 30 September 1865
Ship State Description
Janetta  United Kingdom The schooner ran aground at Calais, france. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough, Yorkshire to Calais. She was refloated and taken in to Calais.[37]
Jenny Ellingwood  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at "Rosslan". She was on a voyage from Glasgow, Renfrewshire to New York, United States. She was refloated and taken in tow by the tug Ruby ( United Kingdom)[66]

Unknown date[edit]

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date September 1865
Ship State Description
Agnes  Norway The ship was wrecked near Thisted, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Bergen to Saint Petersburg, Russia.[41]
Ark  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Dartmouth, Devon.[4]
Augusta United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 35-ton schooner was wrecked in Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand during a heavy gale between 9 and 11 September. All hands were rescued.[53]
Blue Bell  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Cairnbulg, Aberdeenshire. She was on a voyage from Fraserburg, Aberdeenshire to Stettin.[24]
Calmar  Sweden The ship was driven ashore near Timmernabben.[4]
Christina Thompson United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 85-ton schooner was wrecked at Greymouth. She was beached after her rudder became unshipped.[53]
Clementina  United Kingdom The barque departed from Constantinople, Ottoman Empire for Falmouth, Cornwall. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all eleven crew.[67]
Dankbarheit Flag unknown The ship was wrecked on Hogland, Russia. She was on a voyage from Narva, Russia to Liverpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom.[66]
Eliza and Emma  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked at "Hamsach", Russia before 16 September. Her crew were rescued.[46]
Eliza Beneke  United Kingdom The barque was wrecked at Shanghai, China.[68]
Emma Stralsund The ship was wrecked on Hiiumaa, Russia. She was on a voyage from Stralsund to Saint Petersburg, Russia.[41]
Familien  Sweden The ship was wrecked on "Cansholmen". She was on a voyage from Härnösand to London, United Kingdom.[66]
Fire Queen  United Kingdom The steamship ran aground on the Blacktail Sand, in the Thames Estuary.[24]
Hannah Park  United Kingdom The ship collided with the steamship Lena (Flag unknown) and sank in the Gulf of Finland. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Cronstadt, Russia to London.[34]
Heather Bell  United Kingdom The barque was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew were rescued by the barque River Bear ( United Kingdom). Heather Bell was on a voyage from Swansea, Glamorgan to Coquimbo, Chile.[69]
Helen Douglas  United Kingdom The ship foundered in the China Sea with loss of life.[70]
Heroine  United Kingdom The ship foundered in the Baltic Sea before 8 September. Her crew were rescued.[71]
Hope  United Kingdom The brig ran aground in the Mississippi River. She was on a voyage from Havana, Cuba to New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. She was refloated on 6 February 1866.[72]
Hulda  Russia The ship was wrecked on "Cansholmen". She was on a voyage from Riga to Ghent, East Flanders, Belgium.[66]
Idas  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked 70 nautical miles (130 km) west of "Elephant Point".[73] Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Moulmein, Burma to Queenstown, County Cork.[74]
Julia United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 20-ton barge sailed from Wanganui for Patea in early September and was not sighted again. It was supposed she foundered in the gales of 9–11 September. Some of her timbers were washed up on Rangitikei Beach, where they were discovered in October.[53]
Lady Gray  United Kingdom The full-rigged ship was severely damaged by fire at South Shields, County Durham before 22 September.[7]
Margaret Evans  United States The ship sank at New York. She was on a voyage from Livorno, Italy to New York.[75]
Mount Alexander United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The schooner ran aground at Hokitika early in September, seriously damaging her hull.[76]
Norskehove  Sweden The ship was driven ashore on the Dutch coast. She was on a voyage from Sundsvall to Chatham, Kent, United Kingdom.[75]
Onward  United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on Sanda Island, Argyllshire. She was on a voyage from Ardrossan, Ayrshire to Mauritius.[73]
Sarah United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The schooner left Wellington on 8 September and was not sighted again. Some wreckage was found in the Marlborough Sounds on 14 September. The rest of the ship's wreckage was found near the entrance to the Sounds in January of the following year, but the bodies of the two crew were never located.[53]
Segetia  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at "Stoniskov". She was on a voyage from Blyth, Northumberland to Cronstadt.[12]
Shamrock  United Kingdom The smack sank between Ballycotton and Poor Head, County Cork with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from Youghal to Cork.[7]
Swan United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland New Zealand The 36-ton cutter was wrecked at Greymouth at about the same time as the Christina Thompson.[53]
Villa de Luarno  Spain The brigantine ran aground on the Sunk Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex, United Kingdom. She was refloated with the assistace of New Unity and Scout (both  United Kingdom).[77]
Wings of the Morning  United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in the Gulf of Smyrna. She was on a voyage from North Shields, Northumberland to Smyrna, Ottoman Empire. She was refloated and taken in to Smyrna, where she arrived on 22 September.[37]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

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  2. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12919. London. 2 January 1866. p. 7.
  3. ^ "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant. No. 9967. Newcastle upon Tyne. 5 January 1866.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5490. Liverpool. 4 September 1865.
  5. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23771. Edinburgh. 5 September 1865.
  6. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Glasgow Herald. No. 8125. Glasgow. 20 January 1866.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23790. Edinburgh. 26 September 1865.
  8. ^ a b "Wreck of Two Vessels". The Standard. No. 12816. London. 5 September 1865. p. 5.
  9. ^ "Total Loss of the Barque Queen of England". The Standard. No. 12869. London. 6 November 1865. p. 1.
  10. ^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12832. London. 23 September 1865. p. 7.
  11. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4208. Hull. 15 September 1865.
  12. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5493. Liverpool. 7 September 1865.
  13. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23774. Edinburgh. 8 September 1865.
  14. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12948. London. 6 February 1866. p. 7.
  15. ^ "France". The Times. No. 25319. London. 18 October 1865. col A-B, p. 10.
  16. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12952. London. 10 February 1866. p. 7.
  17. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5530. Liverpool. 20 October 1865.
  18. ^ "The Wreck of the Alexandra Steamer". The Standard. No. 12823. London. 13 September 1865. p. 7. Retrieved 31 October 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
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  28. ^ Ingram & Wheatley, p. 115.
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  30. ^ Gaines, p. 108.
  31. ^ a b Gaines, p. 136.
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  39. ^ "Fearful Shipping Casualty in the Tyne. Two Men and a Lad Drowned". Dundee Courier. No. 3784. Dundee. 22 September 1865.
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  61. ^ Gaines, p. 48.
  62. ^ "The Weather in the North". The Times. No. 25304. London. 30 September 1865. col F, p. 12.
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  64. ^ Ingram & Wheatley, pp. 121–122.
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  68. ^ "China". Birmingham Daily Post. No. 2272. Birmingham. 26 October 1865.
  69. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12891. London. 1 December 1865. p. 1.
  70. ^ "Appledore". Trewman's Exeter Flying Post. No. 5198. Exeter. 10 January 1866.
  71. ^ "By Electric Telegraph". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23775. Edinburgh. 9 September 1865.
  72. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23917. Edinburgh. 26 February 1866.
  73. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5503. Liverpool. 19 September 1865.
  74. ^ "Disasters to Liverpool Shipping". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5533. Liverpool. 24 October 1865.
  75. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5501. Liverpool. 16 September 1865.
  76. ^ Ingram & Wheatley, p. 121.
  77. ^ Benham, Hervey (1980). The Salvagers. Colchester: Essex County Newspapers Ltd. p. 190. ISBN 00-950944-2-3.

Bibliography[edit]

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